US Water Quality Index
Our composite Water Quality Score combines temperature, reservoir levels, and flow rates to rate conditions for swimming, fishing, and recreation.
How We Calculate Water Quality Score (0–100)
Maximum points when water temp is near ideal 71.5°F (22°C) for most recreational activities.
Full points when reservoir is at or near full pool capacity. Low levels reduce score.
Moderate, stable flow (100–5,000 cfs) earns full points. Extreme highs or lows reduce score.
Blackwater River Nr Harold, Fl
Lateral 101 Below S-101 Nr Buena Vista,Fl
West Nodaway River At Massena, Ia
Niobrara River At Niobrara, Nebr.
Lake Ashtabula At Baldhill Dam, Nd
Kansas R At Manhattan, Ks
James River At Galena, Mo
Illinois River Near Tahlequah, Ok
Tombigbee River Bl Demopolis L&D Near Coatopa Al
Muncy Creek Near Muncy, Pa
South Boulder Cr At Forebay Nr Eldorado Springs Co
Buffalo Creek Nr Blacksburg, Sc
Little Brushy Ck At Us 77 Nr Yoakum, Tx
Hanakapiai Stream Abv Hanakapiai Falls, Kauai, Hi
Willow Creek Near Mason City, Ia
South Fork Sangamon River Below Rochester, Il
Pecos Rv At Fm 3398 Nr Pecos, Tx
Henson Ck At W Range Rd Nr Gatesville, Tx
Lk Moultrie At Rediversion Nr Russellville, Sc
West Fork Calcasieu River At Moss Bluff, La
Understanding the Water Quality Index
The US Water Quality Index is a composite score designed to give anglers, swimmers, boaters, and outdoor enthusiasts a quick, at-a-glance assessment of water body conditions. Unlike traditional water quality indices that focus on chemical pollutants (which require laboratory analysis), our index uses real-time USGS sensor data to reflect physical conditions relevant to recreation.
Temperature Component (40 points)
Water temperature is the most important factor for recreational fishing, swimming, and wildlife activity. The ideal range for most activities — comfortable for swimming, optimal for bass and walleye fishing — is approximately 65–78°F (18–26°C). Our scoring peaks at 71.5°F and decreases proportionally as temperature moves away from this ideal.
Reservoir Level Component (30 points)
Reservoir levels (measured as a percentage of full pool) reflect drought conditions, drought recovery, flood risk, and overall ecosystem health. A reservoir at full pool (100%) scores maximum points. Severely depleted reservoirs — common during drought — score fewer points. This metric is particularly relevant in western states where water storage is critical.
Flow Rate Component (30 points)
River discharge (measured in cubic feet per second, cfs) indicates safe boating, wading, and kayaking conditions. Moderate, stable flow rates between 100–5,000 cfs are typically ideal for most recreation. Extremely high flows indicate flood risk, while extremely low flows suggest drought stress and limited habitat for fish.